Wednesday, December 16, 2009

USMLE Step 2 CS

Tuesday, November 17, 2009

vitamin sources

Let’s take a look at the vitamins and minerals that will keep your hair looking healthy.

Stimulating hair growth: Calcium, potassium, and magnesium make your hair grow more quickly.

Foods rich in calcium include tofu, nuts, milk and dairy products, fish, sesame seeds and beans.

Wheat germ, whole grains, soybeans, nuts and green vegetables are rich in magnesium.

Peas, fish, whole grain cereals, meat, and eggs are a great source of manganese. Avocados include both magnesium and manganese. Dates, dry fruits, bananas, yogurt, brown rice and potatoes are rich in potassium.

Vitamins that promote hair growth are B5, B6 and B12. Brewer’s yeast, egg yolks, meat and whole grain cereals have high levels of vitamin B5 and B6.

Other sources of vitamin B6 include a variety of vegetables and liver. Fish, milk, eggs and chicken are rich in vitamin B12.

Prevent hair loss: Chromium, iron and iodine help preventing hair loss in both men and women.

Iodized salt, kelp, garlic, fish and seaweed have high levels of iodine. Chromium is found in food items like beef, liver, brewer’s yeast and whole wheat bread.

Iron rich food items include green vegetables, chicken, liver, fish, dried fruits and whole grains.

Preserving hair color: Copper is an essential mineral in preserving hair structure and color.

Food items high in copper include liver, beans, green vegetables, whole grains and mollusks. Biotin and vitamin B5 also help maintain hair color and prevent graying of the hair.

Milk, egg yolks, whole grains, liver and rice are rich in these vitamins.

Healthy Scalp: If you want your scalp to be healthy consume foods rich in vitamins A; C and E. Sources of vitamin A include carrots, cabbage, broccoli, spinach, milk, eggs, cheese, fish oil and peaches.

Sources of vitamin C include oranges, lemons, tomatoes, strawberries, pineapple, cantaloupe, green vegetables and other citrus fruits. Sources of vitamin E include nuts, beans, Soya, raw seeds, wheat germ oil and green vegetables.

Promotes blood circulation: Foods rich in vitamin B3, like chicken, turkey, brewer’s yeast, wheat germ and fish, promote the circulation of the blood and make the hair grow faster.

Saturday, October 24, 2009

The Corticobulbar Tract



The Corticobulbar Tract
This tract is composed of fibers originating in the precentral gyrus of the lower quarter of the motor cortex. The descending fibers leave the motor cortex and pass through the posterior limb of the internal capsule just anterior and medial to the corticospinal tract fibers. From here they continue on through the cerebral peduncles just medial to the corticospinal tract fibers to terminate in the motor nuclei of cranial nerves III and IV in the midbrain; V, VI. and VII in the pons; and IX, X, XI, and XII in the medulla. The corticobulbar fibers from one side of the brain project to the motor nuclei on both sides of the brainstem (Fig-4).
The corticobulbar fibers (upper motor neurons remember) synapse in cranial nerve motor nuclei of the same (ipsilateral) side, AND cross to the opposite (contralateral) side to synapse on motor nuclei there.
EXECPTIONS: ALL corticobulbar fibers to the motor nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve (XII) cross to the contralateral motor nucleus and, ALL corticobulbar fibers to the lower half of the motor nucleus of the facial nerve (VII) cross to the lower half of the contralateral motor nucleus. bstr431.biostr.washington.edu/syl/lab4/fig402.gif

Bug Bites Pictures Slideshow: Identifying Bugs and Bug Bites - WebMD

Bug Bites Pictures Slideshow: Identifying Bugs and Bug Bites - WebMD

Thursday, October 22, 2009

Thursday, July 2, 2009

Pathology

http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/RENAHTML/RENAL156.html

Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion


Diabetic nephropathy:
This is nodular glomerulosclerosis (the Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion) of diabetes mellitus. Nodules of pink hyaline material form in regions of glomerular capillary loops in the glomerulus. This is due to a marked increase in mesangial matrix from damage as a result of non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins.

Wednesday, April 29, 2009

Friday, April 17, 2009

papillary carcinoma of thyroid

Orphan annie nucleus in papilary carcinoma of thyroid












A psammoma body is a round collection of calcium
which is seen in papillary carcinoma of thyroid.










plica circularis in small intestine

http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/18/74318-004-2CEECF6F.jpg

Thursday, April 16, 2009

Hip and Pelvis

Greater and Lesser Scciatic foramens:







1. (os sacrale) 2. (os ilium) 3. (os ischii) 4. (os pubis): a) (ramus superior) b)(corpus) c) (ramus inferior) d) (tuberculum pubicum) 5. (symphisis pubica) 6. (acetabulum) 7. (foramen obturatorum) 8. (os coccygis) - Red dots (linea terminalis )







Thursday, February 26, 2009

Patricks test

Patricks test


Patrick's test
A test to determine the presence or absence of sacroiliac disease; with the patient supine, the hip and knee are flexed and the external malleolus is placed above the patella of the opposite leg; this can ordinarily be done without pain, but, on depressing the knee, pain is promptly elicited in sacroiliac disease.

Friday, February 6, 2009

Chlamydophila pneumoniae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
File:ChlamydiaTrachomatisEinschlusskörperchen.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Epiglotitis

http://www.jfponline.com/Pages.asp?AID=1939&UID=

Pap smear

Pap smear is used for showing squamous cell anywhere in the body.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Cervical_AIS%2C_ThinPrep.jpg

Thursday, January 22, 2009

Ataxia

3 types of ataxia:
http://www.mult-sclerosis.org/ataxia.html

Cerebellar ataxia:
- ataxia may primarily involve the trunk (truncal ataxia) and the patient may not be able to sit or stand unsupported (astasia); truncal ataxia is usually due to midline cerebellar disease, and associated limb ataxia due to lateral cerebellar hemisphere disease may not be present

- incooordination of walking (gait ataxia) that is so severe that the patient cannot walk is called abasia, and the term astasia-abasia is used if the the patient's balance is so impaired that the patient cannot maintain his balance when either sitting or walking

- persistent incoordination of the truncal axial musculature may produce body tilts, pelvic tilts or head tilts

Wednesday, January 21, 2009

Useful sites

http://www.oscetube.com/

Pathology:
http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/HISTHTML/HISTO.html

http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/webpath.html
University of Utah offers a site with the largest and most extensive collection of gross and microscopic photos I know of. You will find lots of good examples as well as case studies and even self-help quizzes.

http://medsci.indiana.edu/c602web/602/C602web/toc.htm

http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/med/paf/slides/


http://www.path.uiowa.edu/virtualslidebox/iowa_histopathology/content_index_db.html
University of Iowa, Virtual Slide Box This incredible site uses the virtual microscope technology, allowing the student to view, cruise and zoom in on tissues exhibiting a wide range of diseases.


http://www.med.harvard.edu/AANLIB/home.html
Harvard School of Medicine has provided a truly amazing collection of CAT and PET scan images of the normal and damaged brain. You can move around within the images to see the injury at various levels.


http://erl.pathology.iupui.edu/
Indiana University School of Medicine (IUPUI) offers a great site. It not only includes systemic and general pathology topics, but you will find a large normal histology section as well.

http://www2.kumc.edu/pathology/
University of Kansas has a very impressive site. You'll find many photos, descriptions and case studies.
http://insight.ku.edu:8081/BrowserInsight/BrowserInsight?cmd=start&cid=26&ig=&gwisp=&iia=0&gwia=1&ir=-1&id=-1&d=0&iwas=2&gc=0&isl=1&ss=0